Phyllis Wheatley YWCA

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The oldest “Y” in DC, the Phyllis Wheatley YWCA (Young Women’s Christian Association) was established in 1905 by African American women and named after Phyllis Wheatley, an enslaved woman and famous poet in 19th century America. The YWCA moved between facilities in DC before settling on Rhode Island Avenue NW in 1920.

For over 100 years, the dedicated women of the YWCA have provided residents of the Shaw neighborhood with educational programs, housing, employment, recreation, and community services, such as a dinner program for underprivileged children. In the early 1900s, the YWCA assisted Black migrants escaping discrimination in the Jim Crow South by meeting them at Union Station to offer both shelter and food. During World War II, segregated United Service Organizations (USO) turned away African American servicemen. The YWCA organized and established their own USO center to help support these men and their families. The historic landmark is also significant to DC's Women's Suffrage Movement.

Constructed out of red brick with a corbeled brick cornice, this building exemplifies typical Colonial Revival designs prevalent in DC during the 1920s and 1930s. The YWCA, designed by the New York firm of Shroeder and Parish, includes four stories and a raised basement. Its interior is largely utilitarian, with multiple large rooms reserved as public meeting spaces. The upper floors of the YWCA include dormitory rooms.

Throughout its existence, the Phyllis Wheatley YWCA has been a continuous support system and advocate for its community.

DC Inventory: June 27, 1974
National Register: October 6, 1983
National Register (Additional Documentation): July 26, 2024